5^th Global Summit and Expo On Pollution Control October 25-27, 2018 Panorama Hotel Prague Milevská 7, 140 63 Praha 4, Czechia Prague, Czech Republic

Biography:

J. A. Macías-Vargas has completed his MSc 16 years ago from Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana and he is attending his doctoral studies at Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. He had taught for 10 years at private and public universities and he was deputy director of climate change at National Institute of Ecology-SEMARNAT (Mexican Federal Government).

Abstract:

The presence of pharmaceutical compounds in surface water represents several risks in both environmental and public health; particularly, Ciprofloxacin is a genotoxic agent and generates antibiotic resistance in several organisms. Human and animal excrete and industrial discharges are the main sources of this emerging pollutant.

The present study evaluates free radical persulfate activation with iron oxides from a low-grade titanium ore and artificial sunlight as an advanced oxidation technology, for degradation of Ciprofloxacin in aqueous phase at laboratory scale. The material was characterized by XRD, N₂ adsorption/desorption and SEM.

Central Compose Design with three factors and two responses, was used in order to optimize dosages of persulfate between 0.07 and 0.23 g L^-1, and titanium low-grade ore from 0.2 to 0.6 g L^-1 and, for studying initial concentration of Ciprofloxacin from 0.01 to 0.03 g L^-1 reported in literature, both surface water and toxic industrial discharges. Trials were performed in a raceway reactor into a sunlight simulator under average radiation condition of Mexico City (400 Wm²). Aliquots were collected at preselected time intervals during degradation experiments. Ciprofloxacin and residual persulfate concentrations were measured by liquid chromatography and spectrophotometry respectively.

Exploratory trials showed 100% degradation of Ciprofloxacin induced by free radical persulfate; however, the optimization in several variables with constraints highlighted an optimal combination of persulfate, iron oxide and initial Ciprofloxacin of 0.25, 0.11 and 0.021 g L^-1, for achieving the lowest final ciprofloxacin concentration and residual persulfate simultaneously of 0.0003 and 0.038 g L^-1 respectively, in the first 20 minutes.

Biography:

Yang Luo has completed his PhD from Ocean University of China. He was employed by Third Institute of Oceanography (TIO) affiliate to State Oceanic Administration of China (SOA) as an associate professor since 2010. He is interested in water quality assessment and eutrophication in estuary and coastal area. He has published more than 10 papers in reputed journals and two chinese monographs. 

Abstract:

The impairment of water quality is a major concern for streams and rivers in China. Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDLs) can be used to establish a framework and propose a series of techniques and tools to assess water quality at the watershed scale. While TMDLs have been developed for water quality management by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, scientists and stakeholders, the development of TMDLs in China is hindered due to the lack of comprehensive data collection system and by the difficulties in incorporating seasonal variations efficiently and accurately. In this study, load duration curves (LDCs) were used to calculate TMDLs for ammonia and to quantify the corresponding monthly and seasonal variations in the TMDL. The analysis indicated that the ammonia TMDL was affected by flow patterns, ranging from a maximum of 9418 kg·d^-1 in high flow zones to a minimum of 48 kg·d^-1 in low flow zones. Seasonally, the TMDL varied from 232 kg·d^-1 in spring to 390 kg·d^-1 in summer, 110 kg·d^-1 in autumn, and 25 kg·d^-1 in winter. The monthly load allocation for ammonia was in the range of 3.0 to 18 kg·d^-1. The results provide policymakers with quantitative limits of nutrients loadings with seasonal variations which can be used to implement various water quality targets.

Biography:

Nwachukwu, A. N. has completed his PhD from University of Manchester, UK and presently a Physics Lecturer at Federal University, Ndufu-Alike Ikwo, Nigeria. He has published more than 30 papers in reputed journals and has been serving as the CEO/MD of AVR Green Albatross Solutions Limited – an Environmental Consultancy known for its versatility in EIA and EA in Nigeria.

Abstract:

The major causes of persistent Environmental degradation in both rural and urban communities are industrialization and other developmental activities. These have not only shaken the serene and peaceful urban and rural environment but have also destroyed farm lands and contaminated water bodies being the basic sources of livelihood for poor rural Communities. In this study, we investigated environmental quality of Nkaliki Mining Site with the aid of some digital equipment to ascertain if the mining activities have not started affecting the quality of life and productivity of the people. The concentrations of the detected environmental (air, water and soil) pollutants were compared with both National and International Standards to determine if they have been exceeded. A case was made for intensification of environmental education amongst the rural dwellers. An Environmental Management Plan (EMP) was also produced and suggested for the Mining Company.

Biography:

Ms. Kawan is a doctoral student from Nepal and currently working under Institute of Public health at University of Heidelberg in collaboration with ICIMOD. Her research interests are to assess indoor air pollution effects on respiratory and cardiovascular health of women and climate change. She also focuses on Public health and epidemiological studies that addresses especially on the health issues of developing countries, along with the real time measurement of indoor air pollutants like Particulate matter 2.5 and black carbon. Application of the epidemiological statistical quantitative methods in the health research is her competency.

Abstract:

Worldwide, half of the world population rely on solid fuels for cooking and heating, mainly in low and middle income countries .The inefficient use of such fuels in poorly ventilated conditions results in high levels of indoor air pollution, most seriously affecting women and young children. Objectives: The main aim of the study is to  evaluate the effects of biomass fuel combustion on risk of cardiovascular health (ST segment elevation/depression) as a marker of developing myocardial ischemia in women exposed to biomass, clean cook stoves (LPG) and mixed ,thereby highlighting the effect of exposure of those smoke pollutants, along with the measurement of the air pollutants concentrations (particulate matter 2.5, black carbon and carbon monoxide) produced during cooking hours by different cook stoves design in the local kitchens. Methods: This cross-sectional study will be conducted among the healthy nonsmokers women (aged 30-75 years) living in rural villages who are not diagnosed of any cardiovascular diseases (hypertension, diabetes, any heart diseases etc. in the last 6 months.) and using biomass fuels  and clean fuels (LPG)  and mixed fuels for cooking for a minimum period of 5 years. A portable Electrocardiogram and a health questionnaire will be used to assess the cardiovascular risk. Air pollutants concentration will be measured by portable Microaethelometers, Indoor air quality probes and Aerocets during cooking hours. Results: As the study is on the data collection phase, results are not generated yet. Policy relevance: There is an urgent need to adopt various strategies to improve indoor air quality. Moreover, the advancement in research tools, measuring technique in particular, is critical for researchers in developing countries to improve their capability to study the emissions for addressing the growing public health concerns.

Biography:

Dr KAROUI has completed his PhD in 2011 from Carthage University, Tunisia. She is Senior Lecturer in Process Engineering and Wastewater Treatment in 2iE (International Institute for Water and Environmental Engineering) Burkina Faso

Abstract:

Artisanal small scale gold mining (ASGM) in Burkina Faso has contributed to the economical and societal development of this country, in spite of its unlawful characteristics. Nevertheless, rudimentary tools and technics were used in ASGM activity that induces a highly environmental degradation throughout the inappropriate aspect of the activity and the use of the hazardous chemical compounds as cyanide. In precedent study, the presence of cyanide degrading bacteria (CDB) in polluted Soil and water samples were confirmed and isolated in a selective medium in the laboratory scale. The isolated CDB species had degraded 99 % of the CNL within 24 h with bacterial growth and ammonium production (Razanmahandry et al 2016). But the pollution in the ASGM area still increase (Razanmahandry et al 2018). On the other hand, many study have shown that Microbial biomass in most cases increases in the presence of biochar (Lehman et al 2011). In this part we aim to study the effect of biochar on CDB and cyanide biodegrdation.

Biochars produced from balanites pyrolised in improved focus on burkina Faso were characterized and investigated as adsorbents for the removal of cyanide from aqueous solution. The adsorption data were well described by a Langmuir isotherm, with maximum adsorption capacities of 109 mg/g and cyanide removal about 85%. Using CDB and Biochar shown that cyanide removal is about 99% in 20 hours (24 hours without biochar) with bacterial growth more important than test without biochar.

Biography:

Fang Li has completed his PhD at the age of 27 years from Donghua University and postdoctoral studies from the University of Texas at Austin. He is the Vice Director of Textile pollution controlling Engineering Centre of Ministry of Environmental Protection. He has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals .

Abstract:

The feasibility study of utilizing direct contact membrane distillation for the treatment of industrial dyeing wastewater and their characteristic pollutants were demonstrated. Two commercial hydrophobic membranes made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) were comparatively studied. The results suggest that PTFE membrane always demonstrates enhanced flux and rejection performance for selected characteristic pollutants of dyeing wastewater compared with that of PVDF counterpart, which can be caused by its enhanced porosity, hydrophobicity and reduced wettability. Additionally, the PTFE membrane shows excellent stability with an average sulfanilic acid (one selected non-volatile characteristic pollutant of dyeing wastewater) rejection efficiency of 99.8±0.1% over 48 h continuously running. The effects of several key operational parameters (e.g., operational temperature, time, feed concentration and flow rate) on the treatment performance were also systematically studied. When challenging the industrial and synthetic dyeing wastewater, the DCMD system demonstrate different performances in terms of flux and rejection efficiency, which are closely related to the sample compositions and concentration. The relevant COD and color removal efficiency over 48 h continuous operation was, respectively, 90% and 94% for sample 1# (from discharge outlet of the dyeing vat wastewater), 96% and 100% for sample 2# (from discharge outlet of the wastewater treatment plant after physicochemical and biological treatment), and 89% and 100% for sample 3 (synthetic dyeing wastewater after bench-scale membrane bioreactor treatment). Furthermore, various advanced characterization techniques, (e.g., field emission scanning electric microscopy, energy-dispersive spectrum, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 3-dimensional excitation−emission matrix fluorescence spectroscopy, contact angle, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) were employed to study the fouling properties and performance of the PTFE membrane. These overall findings suggest that direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD) process is a promising option for the treatment of dyeing wastewater with limited energy consumption and high performance.

Biography:

Ms. Kim Yeyzleen Macarasig is a graduate student taking a Master of Science in Atmospheric Science at the Ateneo de Manila University – Philippines. Her research focuses on atmospheric events and particulate matter in Manila. She is also a part of the Manila Observatory, Air Quality Dynamics Program (AQD) Group. The Manila Observatory in the Philippines is the oldest observatory in Southeast Asia (since 1865) which advocates a science-based approach to sustainable development and poverty reduction through its principal focus on the areas of climate change and disaster science. The Manila Observatory provides scientific guidance not only to air quality assessment but also to mitigation policy development. It envisions itself as doing science that effectively enhances resilience through evidence-based scientific information.

Abstract:

Rainfall is a natural mechanism that is known to reduce atmospheric particulate pollution. Counterintuitively, some studies exhibit an unusual increase of fine particulate matter (PM) during rain events. The reason for these extraordinary events is still unclear. This study presents an investigation of these PM enhancement events through the link between atmospheric aerosols with observable meteorological parameters.   

The events considered in this study were observed within the intensive measurement campaign called the Manila Aerosol Characterization Experiment (MACE 2015). During this campaign, there was a total of ten short rain events of which six are analyzed herein. Different runs of principal component analysis (PCA) were conducted on different aerosol and meteorological parameters.

The results showed that the main the PM enhancement is correlated with high relative humidity, decrease in temperature, and high vehicle volume. These results may be attributed to the fact that higher levels of relative humidity and decreases in ambient air temperature favor the formation of new particles and may result in increased condensation on already formed particles making them grow further.

This study is an attempt to unravel the curious case of the fine particulate matter enhancement during the wet season in Manila and broaden the existing knowledge of the role of atmospheric and physical processes on the behavior of PM after rain events.

This study may also provide insight on these events for input into atmospheric models.

Biography:

Dr. Azel Almuatiri is a professor of Environmental Science at Kuwait University. Graduated from University of Kansas.  

Abstract:

The use of nitrification filters for the removal of ammonium ion from waste-water is an established technology deployed extensively in municipal water treatment, in industrial water treatment and in applications such as fish farming. The process involves the development of immobilized bacterial films on a solid packing support, which is designed to provide a suitable host for the film, and allow supply of oxygen to promote aerobic action. Removal of ammonia and nitrite is increasingly necessary to meet drinking water and discharge standards being applied in the US, Europe and other places. Ion-exchange techniques are also effective for removal of ammonia (as the ammonium ion) from waste water and have the advantage of fast start-up times compared to biological filtration which in some cases may take several weeks to be fully operational. Here we explore the performance of ion exchange columns in which nitrifying bacteria are cultivated, with the goal of a “combined” process involving simultaneous ion-exchange and nitrification, intensified by in-situ aeration with a novel membrane module. There were three experimental goals.

Biography:

Carlos Eduardo Cuando Cerón is studying his PhD at National University of Mexico. He got his bachelor as Chemical Engineer and his Master degree in Environmental Engineering.    

Abstract:

Arsenite and arsenate are considered a great concern according to International Agency for Research on Cancer ( IARC). The predominance of these species in groundwater depends on pH and redox potential. According to World Health Organization (WHO) the current recommended limit in drinking-water is 10 µg/l. Sorption using iron reagents is a low price alternative but ineffective for the removal of arsenite at neutral pH. The sorbents should be efficient, inexpensive, easy to prepare, and abundant in nature. Ilmenite is the main ore to produce titanium; moreover hematite, magnetite and rutile may be found in ilmenite ore, these oxides have been reported as removal arsenic sorbents. The aim of this work is to study the performance of the ore to remove both arsenic species in water at natural pH and aerobic conditions at low and high arsenic concentracions (150 and 1 500 µg/L). Ore was crushed, sieved and submitted to a magnetic treatment. Characterization was performed by BET isotherms, X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, infrared, Raman and Mössbauer spectroscopy  and electrophoresis. Analysis were done before and after the arsenic removal process.

Arsenite oxidation/removal tests were carried out at room temperature, natural pH and aerobic conditions to evaluate the capability oxidation of the titanium ore.  Removal arsenate tests were carried at the same conditions to evaluate the removal capacity. Experiments were carried out in presence of calcium and phosphate ions to evaluate competition and contribution effects in the removal process.

A titanium ore dose of 7 g/L was necessary to remove arsenic high concentrations of 1 500 µg/L and after 6 h reaction, the total arsenic concentration in both arsenite and arsenate system far below than that of 10 µg/L. The titanium ore is an efficient, inexpensive and abundant material to remove arsenic in groundwater.

Biography:

Dr KT Tan is the Technical Director at Viridian Solar – a UK company based in Cambridge with their renowned innovative Clearline Fusion products. He has been devoting his professional life for over a decade to developing products and technologies for the renewable sector. He started to work with solar thermal well before the PV became a mainstream renewable solution. As a Chartered Engineer, he specialises in solar PV new technologies with a particular interest in roof-integrated systems, advanced cell technologies and innovative mounting solutions. He is a member of the Industrial Advisory Panel of the Centre for Doctoral Training in New and Sustainable PV, and a member of the GEL/82 Standards Policy and Strategy Committee for PV Systems. He is also the Chair of the MCS Solar PV Technical Working Group, which develops the MCS standards, and oversees the general practice of PV installations in the UK. He graduated with an Engineering PhD from Cambridge University, England

Abstract:

Solar Photovoltaic has been hailed as one of the most promising sources of renewable energy, due to its cost competiveness, predictability, reliability and the endless supply of sun energy. The LCOE (Levelised Cost of Electricity) of Solar PV in certain parts of the world has outperformed the fossil fuel power generation; this makes the widespread adoption of Solar PV as the future power source one step closer to reality. The carbon footprint of manufacturing PV modules has been well documented, and the general consensus is that the embodied energy will be readily paid off in the early years. However, what will be the environmental cost involved in the manufacturing process? In the early 2000s, researchers discovered a legacy of toxic pollution left behind by an unregulated industry, in particular in Chinese villages and farmlands. This presentation explores the harmful impact of the appalling practice of these irresponsible manufacturers, and discusses the pollution controls implemented by the global community since then to combat the pollution issues. Finally, the presentation also examines the current practice of dealing with end-of-life recycling for PV modules – are they adequate to prevent improper disposal of potentially harmful materials? As Solar PV is deemed to become the future source of energy in the not too distant future, the issues relating to pollution throughout its life cycle should be scrutinised more urgently than ever

Biography:

Maecel Lesther Jed A. Enriquez just finished her bachelor’s degree in Development Communication at the University of the Philippines Los Banos in June 2018 as Cum Laude. She conducted an environmental communication research in their municipality for a year to help the local government solve the existing water pollution in the nearby river.   

Abstract:

The study aimed to determine the effect of perceptual and situational factors, as well as communicative action, on the environmental engagement of the residents of Cabuyao City, Laguna on the water pollution in Cabuyao River. The conceptual framework used in this study was a combination of Kim and Grunig’s Situational Theory of Problem Solving (STOPS) and the conceptual model of environmental engagement of Jiang, et. al.

A one-shot survey was done among 300 residents from five different barangays located along Cabuyao River. Spearman’s correlation was used to determine the relationship among the residents’ perceptual/situational factors and their communicative action, and if communicative action positively affects their environmental engagement. Moreover, to determine the effect of each perceptual factor on situational motivation, communicative action, and environmental engagement, ordered logistic regression was employed. On the other hand, Pearson’s Chi-Square Test was used to determine if the residents’ socio-demographic characteristics are associated on  how they engage in environmental activities in Cabuyao City, Laguna.

The residents’ ability to recognize water pollution as a problem and their capability to recognize the obstacles limiting their actions positively affects their motivation to know more about water pollution. Their previous subjective experiences related to pollution affects how the residents acquire, select and transmit information on water pollution. Also, the more often the residents acquire, select and transmit environmental information, the more likely they are to observe, interact, intervene, learn, and join environmental initiatives. On the other hand, female residents tend to engage more on pro-environmental activities compared to males.

Biography:

Razieh Alamdar has completed her MSc in Hydrogeology at Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch, Department of Earth Sciences Tehran, Iran. After graduation, she has been conducting research on environmental pollution and water resources and climate change. She has also worked as an Hydrogeologist and a GIS expert at a consulting engineering company.

Abstract:

The present study investigates the distribution, contamination level and potential sources of heavy metals (HMs) in soil from green spaces in Shiraz, South West Iran. A total of 50 topsoil samples were collected and analyzed for Cr, Cd, Pb, Co, Zn, Cu, Ni and As. principal component analysis (PCA) , geographical information system (GIS) and enrichment factor (EF) were used for the source identification and prepare distribution maps of HMs. Also the pollution index (PI) was used to assessment of contamination level of HMs. Results revealed that the contamination levels of HMs were in the descending order of Pb > Cr > Zn > Cu> Ni> Cd > Co>As. Moreover, based on principal component analysis (PCA) and enrichment factor (EF), Cr, Pb and Zn can be originated from human activities while Ni and Co came from geogenic sources. These results supply basic information of heavy metal contamination control and environment management in residential area.

Biography:

Manqing Zhang is a second year master’s student in Osaka University.She is a young researcher with strong enthusiasm for research. She has more than 4 papers published. Yuyu Hu is assistant professor in Osaka University. He has completed his PhD in 2017 from  Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University.And he has a Bachelor of science and Master of of Science, he now dedicates himself to interdisciplinary research. Emako Miyoshi is professor in Behavioral Science for Environment, Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka University.            

Abstract:

The problem of the treatment of biogas slurry has always been highly valued in agronomy and environmental engineering, while the accumulation of research in the socio-economic field is not much. Our research team explores why biogas slurry cannot be accepted as organic fertilizers in modern rural society of China from social dimension. The Chinese central government has vigorously propagated the biogas technology and supported large-scale and standardization of the livestock farm. In recent years, policies such as the division of livestock prohibition areas has also been implemented strictly. Large-scale and intensified production helps to defense capabilities and can increase production efficiency. Moreover, under the standardization transformation, biogas facilities have been popularized, which helps solve the pollution of livestock waste.

However, biogas slurry after digestion still cause significant pollution. We conducted field surveys in six  livestock farms in  Anhui Province, Zhejiang Province, and Hebei Province in March 2017 and March 2018, collecting a large amount of qualitative and quantitative data. According to our investigation, we found that some large-scale farms have completely realized the cyclic utilization of the biogas slurry for organic fertilizers. We have suggested that this is due to the existence of deep-rooted, allocation of resources method called the social network or informal institution. The social network is such as familiar relations, an ethic or custom. Unlike the utilitarianism mentioned in traditional economics, social network contribute to efficiency of the resources placement, especially in the situation of uniting the livestock farmers and land planters to achieve a cyclic utilization.

Biography:

V. Mymrin has completed his PhD at the age of 37 years and D.Sc. at 47 years from Moscow State University (MGU) of Geological and Environmental Engineering. He is the Full Professor of Civil Engineering Dep. Federal University of Technology, Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil. He was a member of Nobel Prize team winner for discovery of laser beams (1964), has published more than 100 papers in reputed Russian and international journals and near 50 patents in the field of industrial and municipal wastes utilization as valuable raw materials with very high economical and environment efficiency.

Abstract:

This paper reports on recycling mixed industrial wastes (exhaust metallurgical dust, spent foundry sands, galvanic glass microspheres waste, and acid inertization salt) into environmentally friendly composite ceramic materials. The only natural component of the developed compositions was clay and sand mixture, which is a traditional raw material of local brick factories. All industrial wastes under study had high contents of heavy metals, such as Pb, Br, Sr and Cr. The main goal of this research was development of eco-friendly construction materials based on these hazardous industrial wastes to reduce wastes disposal at dumps that chemically contaminate the environment. This would prolong service life of industrial landfills and essentially reduce exploitation of natural raw materials. Samples containing 75-85% of industrial wastes fabricated at 950-1,010°C had flexural strength values of up to 14 MPa. Physicochemical processes of the ceramics structure formation, studied by the complex of XRD, DTA, TG, SEM, EDS, mapping and LAMMA analyses, proved that during calcination of the initial mixtures disappeared some minerals - Magnetite Fe₃O₄, Illite KAl₂(Si₃Al)O₁₀(OH)₂ and Halite NaCl; remained unchanged Quartz SiO₂,Cristobalite SiO₂, Thenardite Na₂SO₄ and Hematite Fe₂O₃; newly formed were only two minerals - Andesine (Na,Ca)Al(Si,Al)₃O₈, and Diopside CaMg(Si₂O₆). The values of leaching and solubility of the heavy metals, studied by AAS method, demonstrate their hundreds of times less numbers than those permitted by the national standards of Brazil. They were strongly neutralized by predominated quantity of glassy amorphous new formations.

Biography:

Presenter is 2nd year of a master’s degree of Kobe university in JAPAN and his major is soil science. 

Abstract:

Biography:

Takeshi Suzuki has completed his PhD at the age of 29 years from Kobe University. He is assistant professor of Guraduate school of agricultural Science, Kobe University. He has published more than 25 papers in reputed journals.

Abstract:

Coal ash is a major waste by-product of coal incineration in coal-fired power stations throughout the world. The annual generation of coal ash have been increased in the world. However, only half of the coal ash is applied efficiently. The objective of this study is to confirm that coal bottom ash can use substrate of revegetation woody plant as a pilot experiment.

10 species of tree seedling were grow in granite soil (GS) with bark compost (BC) (control), GS + coal bottom ash (CBA) with BC (CBA1), CBA with BC (CBA2), and 100% CBA (CBA3) for 3 years. Each experimental dimension is 6m × 6m with 0.5m height and lysimeters were placed under the substrate to measure various elements out of each experimental system. Each growth rate of woody plant was measured every 6 month and B, Ca, Mg, P, Al, Fe, Si, Mn, K, As, Na, Cu, F Cl, SO₄, NO₃ concentration of leachate collected from lysimeter were measured.

From the physical and chemical properties of the substrates, they were suitable for growth of woody plant. The leaching tests of the substrate made from coal bottom ash were below Japanese legal standard. The growth rate of a few species of woody plant grown in CBA3 was smaller than those in other substrate. Although, As B, Ca, K, Mg P concentrations of leachate from CBA2, CBA3 were larger than those of control, the concentrations of As and B were less than those of Japnese legal standard.

Biography:

Shaobo is currently working on his PhD in the research group of Clean Fossil Energy & Carbon Capture Technologies, University of Nottingham, UK. His current focuses are on the capture and conversion fossil fuel related multiple-pollutant.      
 

Abstract:

The removal of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) present in either industrial flue gas or product gas has long been either an economic or an operational challenge in the clean utilization of fossil energy as well as in waste disposal. Adsorptive capture and conversion represents a new concept which aims to remove the acid gas in a more economically favourable way than the conventional wet-absorption-based methods.

This study focused the attention on H₂S capture by an emerging porous solid sorbent, mesocellular siliceous foams (MCF) which has a high degree of porosity and a large surface area and is suitable and effective for gas-phase pollutant separation. Polyethyleneimine (PEI) and Tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA) loaded MCFs were synthesized and tested on H2S adsorption /desorption via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and fixed bed reactor for the determination of their adsorption characteristics. The surface textural properties and morphology of the samples were depicted by nitrogen adsorption, BET measurement, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and different electron microscopes (SEM and TEM).

Amines were immobilized onto PQ-silica and lab-prepared MCFs via impregnation and grafting, respectively. The adsorption/desorption test of amine-supported composite silica over H₂S are conducted on TGA first. Despite the high H₂S adsorption capabilities, the hybrid aminosilica still offer a thorough regeneration under low amplitude temperature swing (range from 25-100℃). The quantity of available amine groups on the adsorbent surface and the interaction between H₂S molecules and amine groups are believed to be the two key factors that influence the adsorption capacity and amine efficiency.

Biography:

Dr. Chihpin Huang is a Professor of Environmental Engineering at the University of Jiaotong, Taiwan. He is also a Vice President and chief executive of Jiaotong University. He completed BS (Eng) in Environmental Engineering at National Cheng Kung University in 1981, M.Sc. in Environmental engineering at National Cheng Kung University in 1983 and Ph.D. in Environmental Engineering at the University of Delaware, USA, 1990. He is very well expertise in Tap water treatment technology, Industrial wastewater treatment and recovery technology and Sludge treatment and reuse. Chihpin Huang born in June 27, 1959. He serves as the Chair of Editorial Committee of Taiwan Water Association; and a member of the National Committee of Republic of China in International Water Association (IWA). Huang's publication has been extensive. In his twenty-two years of research career, he is the co-author of over 130 refereed papers in archival journal.

Abstract:

This study is to investigate the influence of SiO₂ nanoparticles (nSiO₂) on the uptake behaviors and toxicity of decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) by zebrafish embryo (Danio rerio). The zebrafish embryo toxicity tests are employed to evaluate the teratogenicity of nSiO₂-associated BDE-209 on embryonic development of the zebrafish, including hatching success and malformation. BDE-209 concentrations on the chorion and dechorionated embryo were measured for investigating the uptake behaviors and bioaccumulation. Results show that a delayed hatching temporarily occurred under co-exposing of nSiO₂ and BDE-209. Furthermore, malformation types, including spinal curvature (SC), pericardial edema (PE) and yolk sac edema (YSE), were found on zebrafish larvae at 120 hours post fertilization (hpf), especially for SC and PE. Besides, the segmentation stage (10-24 hpf) of the embryo was the most sensitive stage to BDE-209, especially when the chorion was removed. The results also revealed that the accumulative amount of BDE-209 on chorion (17.2±0.45 mg/g chorion) was remarkably greater than that on dechorionated embryo (0.37±0.01 mg/g embryo) at 48 hpf. Overall, abnormal development of zebrafish occured at the co-existence of BDE-209 and nSiO₂. Consequently, nSiO₂ could interfere in the transport of BDE-209 from the aquatic environment to organisms and enhance their ecotoxicity due to the synergy effects of BDE-209 adsorption on nSiO₂ aggregates. All relevant evidences suggested that nSiO₂ could facilitate the transport of BDE-209 towards zebrafish embryo and trigger the teratogenic response of zebrafish.